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This was followed by four weeks of a eucaloric ketogenic diet (EKD)- -isocaloric and isonitrogenous with the EBD but providing less than 2. CHO daily. Both diets were appropriately supplemented with minerals and vitamins. Weight and whole- body potassium estimated by potassium- 4. K) did not vary significantly during the five- week study. Nitrogen balance (N- Bal) was regained after one week of the EKD. The fasting blood glucose remained lower during the EKD than during the control diet (4. L at EBD, 4. 1 mmol/L at EKD- 4, P less than 0. The fasting whole- body glucose oxidation rate determined by a 1. C- glucose primed constant infusion technique fell from 0. P less than 0. 0. EKD. The mean serum cholesterol level rose (from 1. L) during the EKD, while triglycerides fell from 1. L. No disturbance of hepatic or renal function was noted at EKD- 4. These findings indicate that the ketotic state induced by the EKD was well tolerated in lean subjects; nitrogen balance was regained after brief adaptation, serum lipids were not pathologically elevated, and blood glucose oxidation at rest was measurably reduced while the subjects remained euglycemic.
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